Updated Wednesday December 03, 2008

Tee Ball Tips

What is "Halfway?"

by Bill Ripken

One of the most misunderstood terms in baseball is the concept of going halfway on a fly ball. Many times you will hear coaches, depending on the situation, telling a base runner something to the effect of, “Go on the ground, halfway on a ball in the air, freeze on a line drive.” Or, after a fly ball is hit, you might hear a base coach yell, “halfway, halfway!”
 

If the team is well-coached and has practiced base running situations consistently throughout the year, the base runner in one of these instances most likely is going to understand what he should do. “Halfway” is a simple way of telling a player to get as far off the base as possible so that if the ball is caught by the fielder he can make it back to the original base without getting doubled up.

 

For younger teams that don’t get to practice as often and don’t have the time to cover base running situations as thoroughly, the term “halfway” – from an offensive standpoint – can be confusing.

 

“Halfway” doesn’t always mean go exactly halfway. The first thing to understand is the general situation in which the concept comes into play. Any time there are fewer than two outs in an inning and a fly ball or pop-up is hit that so that it is not possible or appropriate for a base runner to tag up, that runner should get as far off the base as possible so that he still can get back if the ball is caught. By doing this, the runner might allow himself to advance more than one base if the ball is misplayed by the fielder while still avoiding the double play if the ball is caught.

 

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Coaches Corner

Richard Todd's WebBall                                         

     Coaching tips for First Time Coaches, Instructional Division
 

Bats are a safety issue...
Keep all bats in one place on the field. Keep one parent there to
supervise at all times.

Equipment will be lost...
Tell parents to put players' last name and phone number on all
personal equipment (i.e. under the bill of the cap).

Buying a glove...
Find out which hand the player can throw most accurately
with. Buy a glove for the opposite hand. Reccommmend a
glove that closes easily.

Players do not know the field...
For very young players, run them around the bases before
each game. 

Home plate is the most dangerous position...
With young players, you may choose to eliminate the catcher
position. Always have a coach with the catcher to guard
against the following:

Batter throwing the bat 
Upcoming batters swinging the bat 
Catcher being hurt by runner from third 

Young players are unfamiliar with the game
Your least experienced players need your best effort.

Parent's who are impatient with their own children...
Compliment their knowledge of baseball, "I see you know a lot
about baseball." Then ask the parent to coach a specific
position other than where their child is playing. 

Rubber balls are a great training tool...
Tell the parents and players to practice with a rubber ball at
home. Rubber balls are safer and rebound back to them. 

Teach your parents some cheers...
Long game, hot day? Use the cheering parents to energize the
defensive players. 

Plastic sleeve for your team roster...
Your copy will get a lot of wear and tear. You also need to keep
your copy dry. 

Bats are a safety issue...
Keep all bats in one place on the field. Keep one parent there to
supervise at all times (repeated for emphasis). 

Call it alligator catching...
Have the players put their glove down close to the ground for
grounders. Also, have them position the other hand on the
heel of the glove. Otherwise, the ball may pop up and hit the
player in the face. 

Teach players to run through first base...
Position a coach five to ten feet behind first base, and just
outside the base line, to give each player a high five as they run
through. 

Call the ball...
Teach players to call the ball while catching grounders; calling
grounders makes it easier to teach them to call fly balls later in
the season. 

Use a longer base path if possible...
Fifty to 60 feet between bases gives the defensive players time
to get the ball and complete the play. A longer base path also
gives you more room to place extra players in defensive
positions. 

Assume all batters are going to throw the bat...
Place an object (i.e. a bat bag) down the first base line. Instruct
all batters to carry the bat to that object and drop the bat at
that point. 

Parents who are critical of your coaching skills...
Admit you could use more coaches to help the team. Ask them
to help at the next practice. 

Batting tips...
Repeatedly say, “Watch the ball until the ball hits the bat.” 

If the player squares up to the plate, the ball will be hit to first
base. Instruct the batter to move the lead foot back from the
plate so the ball is not hit towards first base for an easy out. 

Keep all bats in one place on the field. Keep one parent by the
bats to supervise at all times.  


 

  •  
  • NEW BOOK! The The SOFTBALL COACHING BIBLE National Fastpitch Coaches Association
    .
    Subject: Developing Productive Hitters
    by Mike Candrea

    Stance

    The stance, although cosmetic, can either help or hinder the hitter's ability to see the softball. I urge any serious player to have a thorough eye examination that includes testing for depth perception. No matter how well the hitter performs the mechanics, if her eyes are relaying bad information to her brain, her chance of success decreases.

    The stance shows the greatest amount of variety from hitter to hitter. Great hitters have hit from every foot and hand position imaginable. The primary purpose of the stance is to allow the hitter to see the ball with both eyes and to allow her to arrive in a position that creates balance and proper plate coverage. I have found that whether the hitter's stance is open, closed, or square, successful hitters stride to square position to get maximum coverage. Depending on the hitter's dominant eye, the proper stance can enhance her ability to see the ball with the greatest amount of clarity.

    Two other common characteristics that I have found in the stance of effective hitters are flexibility and rhythm. A key element to any athletic movement is balance. Without flexibility in the ankles and knees, it is impossible to create a balanced and powerful base from which to hit. It is important for the hitter to keep her weight on the balls of her feet and not have her weight falling to her heels. This flexibility explains why you see many hitters in their prepitch routines bend at the waist and touch the outside portion of the plate with the bat in their bottom hand only. This routine is helpful in creating a balanced base and also ensures that the hitter has proper plate coverage.

    Rhythm is another key to hitters with high batting averages. The ability of a hitter to create rhythm in her stance helps her execute the stride. It allows the hitter to keep her body and hands tension-free. Tension is a hitter's worst enemy. The tighter she is, the slower her reaction is. The locking of any body parts before contact causes extreme problems in the execution of the swing.

    Rhythm is much easier to demonstrate than to describe. Simply put, a hitter who has rhythm can control her movements in preparation and execution of the swing. The ability to control movement and allow proper sequencing is the key to maximizing power and efficiency. Rhythm is noticeable in great hitters. Any movements made with the lower body or hands must be minimal and controlled. The more movement a hitter has when preparing to swing, the easier it is for the pitcher to disrupt her timing. When I discuss rhythm with hitters, I stress that the hitter should match her movement with the pitcher's movement. As the pitcher moves toward the plate, the hitter must get into launch position and secure her base for the execution of the swing. This movement should be smooth and controlled. Many young hitters wait too late to execute the loading phase; therefore, they come in late and out of control.

    The main purpose of effective pitchers is to throw off the timing and rhythm of a hitter. The rhythm displayed by hitters is slightly visible in the lower body and hands. The head, of course, should always stay as quiet (still) as possible during the initial stance.

    As I mentioned earlier, the stance is purely cosmetic: Although a hitter does not hit from the stance, a solid stance makes a huge difference in how she sees the ball, the plate coverage she achieves, and the preparation of her body and hands to attack the pitch.

    Stride

    In my estimation, most of your coaching and teaching probably centers around the next phase of hitting, the stride. The stride is nothing more than a small movement that allows the hitter to achieve a strong, powerful position to initiate the swing. There are many terms used to describe this movement including stride, trigger, load, and so on. The important fact of this movement is that the hitter places her lower and upper body in a position that allows her to generate a swing on time and on the proper plane of the pitch, with maximum bat speed while managing some degree of balance.

    Through my years of teaching this phase of hitting, I have found that many hitters make this move too late and create a base that inhibits their ability to use their legs properly. A hitter can never stride too early! The key to this movement is to understand the proper sequence and the foundation the hitter is trying to achieve.

    As the heel lifts and the knee rolls slightly inward to initiate the stride, the hands slightly move into the position from which the batter launches the bat. Contact with the ground is made with the inside of the foot.

    The stride is completed by executing a short, soft step toward the pitcher, maintaining a degree of closure with the front foot (45 to 90 degrees in relationship to the plate). Contact with the ground is made with the inside of the foot.

    The lower body has maintained flexibility, the head is perfectly still, and the hands are prepared to initiate the swing.

    Common flaws that exist in the stride occur when the hitter overstrides to a point that her weight must move forward, causing her head to have excess movement. When the hitter attempts to load her hands as she strides, it creates a separation of her power base (hands and weight, moving in opposite directions at the same time). Therefore, it is very important to load the hands before moving the stride foot.

    The final point I would like to make regarding the stride foot is that the heel must get down to the ground to allow a firm base (front side) to hit against as the hitter begins the explosive movement of the swing. Many hitters do not actually move their stride foot forward but rather pick it up and put it down, or they just execute the loading phase and then hit. This type of hitter usually spreads her initial stance to achieve a balanced and powerful position. I have found that hitters move into a strong hitting position or start in that position.

    Swing

    After the hitter has achieved a good base from which to hit, it is time to execute the swing. The swing is initiated by a sequential unlocking of body parts. Powerful hitters unwind from the bottom up with a combination of linear and rotational movement. The back side rotates against a firm front side. The word firm is important: If the hitter locks the front side, her weight actually moves back as she executes the swing. This movement does not allow the hitter to create a positive weight shift that delivers her energy toward the contact point. When locking occurs, I like to use the term negative movement (hitter's weight is moving away from the contact point).

    If we divide the body down the middle from the head through the belly button, the front side of the body supplies the direction while the back side provides power. This principle is the same when you are teaching proper throwing mechanics. Let the back side knock the front side out versus using the front side to pull the back side through.

    A key element of generating the proper leg and hip action is the position of the back (pivot) foot. By watching the pivot foot on contact, you can tell what kind of weight shift occurred by the position of the heel of the pivot foot. Another key is the position of the back leg: L-shape versus straight leg. We like a hitter to have her heel up at contact. This tells me that she has achieved a positive weight shift. The closer the heel is to the ground, the more weight remains on the back side and is not transferred to the contact point. Some hitters actually finish on the toe of the pivot foot. This habit is common for hitters who hit off their front foot-for example, Laura Espinoza. Front foot hitters need to be strong in the upper body and gifted with great hand-eye coordination. Obviously, Laura has both, as she is the NCAA leader in home runs. As long as the hitter can achieve a positive movement to the contact point, the pivot foot takes care of itself. I have found more young hitters who have worked so hard pivoting that they actually overrotate, forcing their front sides to fly open and create a long swing.

    Now that we understand that the legs lead the swing (unwind from the bottom up), it is time to discuss some key elements of the hand action to the contact point.

    The bottom hand (the pull hand) sets the plane of the swing; the top hand (the throwing hand) finishes the swing. Both hands work together and have equal importance. Successful hitters keep their hands relatively close to their bodies and have a knack for controlling the barrel of the bat.

    I use the phrase Throw your hands inside the ball. If the hitter is going to deliver the barrel to the ball, her hands must be inside the ball. Hitters who always try to hit the outside of the ball often have poor results. The only pitch hit on the back of the ball is the inside pitch. All other pitches are contacted on the inside half of the ball.

    Some common attributes of the upper body in good hitters are:

    Hands are held in a strong position to throw the bat head (barrel).

    Hands are at the top of the strike zone. I like the bottom hand at the top of the strike zone.

    Bat is held at 45-degree angle. Stay away from extremes, like the bat positioned perpendicular, flat, or wrapped behind the head.

    Elbows are down.

    Lead arm forms an L.

    Both arms form an upside down V.

    Front side is soft.

    Front shoulder is slightly lower than back shoulder.

    Wrists are in an active or cocked position to allow a throwing motion.

    One of the easiest ways I have found to describe the proper hand action that results in a short, compact swing is to isolate the bottom hand. When the batter holds her bottom hand in the hitting position, her lead arm has three joints: shoulder, elbow, and wrist. When the hitter unlocks in the proper sequence, the first joint to move is the shoulder, then the elbow, and finally the wrist. Another cue I use: I ask the hitter to imagine she is drawing a line through her chest with her bottom hand, then executing a karate chop to the contact point.

    This skill is easier to demonstrate than to describe. If you watch a successful hitter from the pitcher's circle, you notice the first movement is her elbow, then the knob of the bat, and the last thing to arrive is the barrel. Proper sequencing of the lower and upper body produces a key ingredient of great hitters known as bat lag. The barrel of the bat stays very close to the hitter's back shoulder as the hands are delivered toward the contact point. If the bottom hand does its job properly, the top hand takes care of itself.

    As the bat head arrives at the contact point, the arms maintain flexion, contact is made, and the hitter extends through the ball. A common flaw is when hitters reach extension before contact, therefore losing bat speed. A hitter's hand position at contact is usually from palm-up/palm-down in the lower position of the strike zone to backhand-of-the-bottom-hand/palm-of- the-top-hand in the upper portion of the strike zone. The rolling of the wrist is a follow-through motion and should not be overemphasized.

    Contact points vary depending on the location of the pitch. I actually put three balls on the ground that signify the proper contact points for the inside, middle, and outside pitch. A key coaching point for proper contact is the following:

    For an inside pitch, the barrel is in front of the hands.

    For a middle pitch, the barrel is even with the hands.

    For an outside pitch, the barrel is behind the hands.

    As the hitter completes the swing, her hands should finish somewhere around her front shoulder. Hitters vary with the location of their follow-throughs, either above the shoulder or at the shoulder. The follow- through should allow the hitter to maintain balance and assure a quality head position.

     

    Read More From This Great Book......Click Here »

    Does Your "Coaching Toolbox" contain the "Ultimate

            

                          


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    banner How to play the field
    By The Dudley Staff
    Like hitting, fielding doesn't seem to be a great mystery. Knowing the "job" of your position and playing as a team is all there is to it.

    But it doesn't always work that way out there...a team's fielding can weigh heavily on the games outcome; even more so than hitting. You spend half of your game fielding and you can stop even the best hitting team dead in their tracks with a good fielding defense.

    Communication is a major key to both fielding and teamwork. When there's a hit, if everyone's communicating, then everyone in the field can keep their eyes on the ball and do their fielding jobs, be it shortstop, centerfield, second base, etc.

    Here are some tips that can improve fielding for teams and individuals:

    • Work out some gestures, signals, keep the communication on the field.
    • Pick somebody to let everyone know where the play is, how many outs, etc (i.e. catcher or short stop)
    • Get ready as soon as it looks like the pitcher is going to put one in there.
    • Keep knees slightly bent.
    • Always have your glove at the ready.
    • Always keep eyes on the ball.
    • Maintain balance.
    • Watch the ball from the pitcher's hand to the catchers glove (or off the bat).
    • Watch the ball enter your glove (or your team mate's)
    • At practice: vary the hits, even throw in some crazy ones so that your fielders are ready for anything.

    --The Dudley Softball Staff

    Tee Ball Tips


     
    Batting
    Bat Selection (2003-10-13)
    The starting point for any hitter is finding the right bat size. Have the player grip the bat at the end of the handle and lift it with one arm, fully extended, straight out from their body. They should be able to hold it level with the ground for three seconds without wobbling or shaking. If not, find them a lighter bat.
    Safetey First (2003-06-03)
    Young players don't pay attention to others around them when they swing a bat. For the safety of your players, set a rule during the first practice that no player is to pick up a bat unless instructed to do so by a coach and then enforce the rule. Also remind your players to never go near another player who is holding a bat.
    Proper Stance (2003-10-13)
    A good training aid at practice can be useful in helping a beginning batter learn the proper stance in the batter's box. Try using a flat piece of rubber approximately 19' long and 5' wide, like the flat pitching rubber that is included with many throw-down practice base sets. Place the aid in relation to the tee where you want the toes of the batter. This will allow the player to assume the proper batting position with minimal assistance.
    Pivot Foot (2003-10-13)
    Let the batters practice pivoting their back foot by pretending to "squish a bug". By pivoting the back foot during their swing, the batter will generate more power using their hips and have fun learning how.
    Bat Safety (2004-12-28)
    Many young players get excited and throw their bat after a hit. That can be dangerous for the other players if not corrected. An easy remedy is to place a glove near the tee during practice and have the batter drop their bat on the glove when starting to first base. After a few repetitions they will do it without being told. J. Hamilton
    Throwing
    Nose, Toes and Throws (2003-10-13)
    For beginning players, it is helpful to use a rhyme to help the players remember the proper throwing motion. Say "Nose, Toes and Throws" as they practice throwing. "Nose" is for looking at the target before throwing. "Toes" is for stepping toward the target with their glove-side foot and "Throws" is for throwing the ball. It works! Have them begin their throwing motion with their glove-side shoulder facing the target to force them to turn their shoulders as they throw.
    Accuracy Counts (2003-10-13)
    To develop accuracy, use a fun drill that will make them want to practice. Take a 5-gallon bucket and lay it on the ground with the open end facing the player. Have them practice throwing into the bucket using their throwing technique (Nose, Toes and Throws). You will see a huge difference in their accuracy. The best part is, it's a lot of fun. The kids won't even know their practicing.
    Fielding
    Starting Right (2003-10-13)
    With groups of three or four, teach beginners how to field by showing them the proper hand and body position for fielding grounders. With their gloves off, have them hold their hands in front of them and place their pinkies side-by-side, in a cupped position. Next, demonstrate for them how to bend their knees and get their hands near the ground while keeping their pinkies together. Remind the players to keep their backs straight as possible. With their gloves still off, hand roll grounders to them from eight to ten yards away. Roll it as slow as necessary for them to be successful. By starting this drill without gloves, it allows the players to see the correct hand position during fielding. Let them have several turns and then try it with their gloves on, using the same hand positions.
    Speed Ball (2003-10-13)
    To help young players develop quick hands and learn to hussle for a past ball, use a fun drill that encourages speed. Have three or four players line up side-by-side with enough space between them that they can't touch each other with their arms out. From about ten yards away have a coach hand-roll balls to each one, in order, as many times as possible in one minute. Do it again and try to increase the number each time you do it. Have them run for past balls and make it fun.
    Running Bases
    Starting Point (2003-10-13)
    Remember that beginning players will not know to run to first base when the ball is hit. Try something very simple that teaches base running. At the end of every practice, line up all the players on the first base side of home plate. During their first practice just let them take one turn running to first base, all the way around the bases and back home without stopping. Make sure the players in line at home plate are not blocking the runners path as they finish. With each practice, add something new like base coaches at first and third stopping the runners randomly at different bases. This will get the players to watch their coaches for instruction and reinforce the need to be on a base when they stop. Later, let them hold a bat before they start and be sure they drop it at the plate when they run. Make them start over if they sling the bat more than three feet from the batters box.
    Run Through First (2003-10-13)
    One sure way to get runners in the habit of running through first base after an infield hit is to have a base coach give the runner a hand signal. The coach should give the signal while the player is running toward first base after a hit. The signal could be something simple like holding one or both arms straight up in the air. Have the base coach stand about four feet past first base and give the runner a "high five" as they pass. Have the player run seven or eight feet past the base.
    Body and Mind Warm-up (2003-10-13)
    Line your team up on the first base side of home plate for a base-running drill. Before each player runs, ask them where a different base or field position is located. For example, ask the player "where is center field"? After a correct answer, or a simple point of the finger, let the player run the bases. Let each player have one or more turns. This will help them remember where all positions are located and that will make it easier to get them in the right spot during games. They think running bases is fun.
    Administration
    Team Meetings (2003-10-13)
    Keep meetings with players and parents brief since young kids get restless quickly and create distractions. To communicate important information such as league rules, game schedules and uniform information, use handouts that the parents can read later.
    Team Unity
    High Five (2004-12-28)
    One sure way to build team unity is to teach your players to support their own teammates. Have each player learn the same "high five". Keep it simple such as two smacks of the hand or maybe a forearm bash. If everyone knows and uses the same one it can create a positive team spirit and the kids love it.
    T-Ball Articles

    T-Ball - Important Time in a Young Players Development
    by Lar Gilligan

    For a young player, T Ball is the first step in organized baseball. Most towns supply the players with hats and shirts that give the player a sense of being on a team. While players are getting ready to hit their first single, coaches are dusting off their old gloves and clip-boards.

    T-ball is the building block of the future of your Little League and high school teams. Teaching the proper mechanics will give a child confidence on the field and off the field. As a coach and as parent, you are responsible to pass as much good information as possible.

    Tee's are for babies.......why don't you say that to a Major League Player ?

    I often refer to the tee as a hitters best friend. When I was in higher levels of play (college and pro ball) working off a tee each day was mandatory. As a young player my father made sure I worked off a tee. Although I wasn't convinced until my freshman year at the University of Tennessee. It was at UT when I met one of the greatest hitters of baseball, Don Mattingly. Don worked out with me and shared the importance of hitting off a Tee. Mattingly told me how each day before a game he would hit off the tee for two hours.

    Batting Mechanics:

    In order to use the batting tee correctly, a player or coach must know the proper mechanics. I will go over two key steps to focus on.

    Step 1
    Have you ever heard the phrase, "Keep your eye or head on the ball?" Well it's a true statement, but do coaches really instruct or just say it? During practice have the young player swing off the tee. The batter will swing and after contact the player's head should be resting near the back shoulder starring down at the tee he just struck the ball. This will teach a player what is referred to in professional baseball as Head Discipline.

    Step 2.
    Swinging Down (not level) - Young hitters love to try to hit fly balls. Lifting the ball off the tee is especially bad for young hitters learning to swing the bat. A Major League hitter swings down at the ball. He does this because it gets him to the ball faster. When a ball is pitched, a downward swing creates back-spin. Depending on where you hit the ball, a hitter will hit hard line drives, singles, doubles and homers. Look at big league hitters on deck. They are constantly swinging downward.

    Since a ball on a tee has no movement, the proper mechanics of swinging down on a tee should produce low line drives and hard hit ground balls. You may find this type of T-Ball not as entertaining as hitting high pop-ups. Remember, allowing students to continue incorrect mechanics will expose a player later in Little League and discourage him or her to play to the next level.

    Always remember the idea of T-Ball is for young players to have fun, learn, and prepare for the next level of play.

    Article provided by Lar Gilligan - two-time All-American and former Chicago White Sox and St. Louis Cardinals organization player.

    A Good T-Ball Practice Schedule
    by Karl M. Cunningham

    You will never be satisfied or know for sure whether you are teaching them too much or not enough. Chances are both. At T-Ball you have some kids who love the game and are talented mixed in with recreationalists who are their for entertainment and who know what else.

    I recommend that you make some games that reinforce basics. Start with running the bases in order - have the kids yell the base when they hit it and just go all the way around. You will tire them out and teach them the bases. If you can get some parents to play with them they will have more fun (plus the family thing and the exercise thing). Next you might teach them when to run situational, that is, on grounders when forced, on pop-ups after tagging up. So you get a partner to toss the ball to you either in the air or on the ground after you tell them how many outs there are and they run accordingly. Start out with simple situations then move on to decision making.

    The base running can keep you busy for several practices alone but you should break it up with:

    Pick-ups and Catch. Again, get parents to work on the pick-ups with the kids, otherwise it will not do any good. Just so you know - pick-up is a simple drill of slow rollers back and forth that gets the kids shuffling their feet side to side and picking the ball with two hands in front of them. Don't let them field it to the side. The "roller" is not suppose to try to fool the player, just easy rolls to help the kid go back and forth. This can be a game by seeing which kid can field 20 rolls fastest. Oh, the fielder just underhand tosses back to the roller who is only 6-8 feet away.

    Catch can also be turned into a good game. Since their ability to catch and throw accurately is very limited, the game may have to be more of a judgment on form. When we do catch, we have one line of kids line up on the outfield foul line and the other line making perpendicular throws to this line. The games can be consecutive throws without touching the ground (this doesn't last long) or you can put one line against the other by checking their form.

    • did they point their elbow and shoulder at the target
    • did they reach back properly
    • did they grip the ball properly
    • did they follow through
    • did the receiver keep his elbows in and catch with a vertical glove
    • did he move to the ball
    They are only allowed to throw on command and even though it is difficult to watch them all you can get parents to help and you can usually encourage them that it is very close and they are all improving. The point is, when they are competing they will listen and try to do things properly.

    For batting, I recommend you hit into a net with these kids. You can have somebody working with them on this while the other kids are doing the other drills. Put a string across the net that is just slightly above the point where the ball sits on the T. The goal of the kids is to hit all their balls UNDER the string yet not on the ground (low, sinking line drive). If you have a second T you can place it behind the actual hitting T so the kids have to come down onto the ball properly. Anywise, one parent can keep quite busy with the kids batting and giving them some individual attention.

    This article provided by Karl M. Cunningham.

     

     


     

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